European Union
A union of 27 member states with a multi-level model: EU authorities write rules and standards, national regulators enforce them.
Overview
EU regulations apply directly in every member state; directives are transposed into national law. Supranational authorities supervise directly in some areas, such as significant banks.
Authorities in this jurisdiction include the ECB, EBA, ESMA, EIOPA, the European Commission, ACER, the AI Office, EDPB, EMA, ECHA, EASA, EMSA and EFSA, plus national regulators in each member state.
This glossary covers 28 authorities here, including European Parliament, European Council and Council of the EU, ECB, EBA, ESMA and EIOPA. It contains Germany, France, Ireland, Italy and Spain.
Check the official sources below for legal scope, applicable dates and exceptions. This entry is an explanatory reference, not legal advice.
Why it matters
Operating here brings this jurisdiction’s laws and authorities into scope, on top of any parent jurisdiction’s.
Who it affects
Organisations established in, or serving customers in, European Union.
Where it sits
Ten linked steps connect where you operate to the proof that you complied.
- 01Jurisdiction
- 02Industry
- 03Activity
- 04Authority
- 05Regulation
- 06Requirement
- 07Guidance
- 08Control
- 09Evidence
- 10Enforcement
Hierarchy
- Part of
- EMEA
Connections
The terms most closely tied to European Union. Select one to open it.
What to do about it
- 1Establish your nexus: establishment, licences, customers or employees there.
- 2List the authorities with power over you there.
- 3Map local requirements and how they differ from the parent jurisdiction.
- 4Track local guidance and enforcement.
From requirement to evidence.
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